Right-to-work laws ballot measures

Voters have decided on right-to-work laws ballot measures across the U.S. This topic includes measures to adopt or repeal right-to-work laws, which prohibit agreements that require employees to join a union or pay union dues as a condition of employment. The topic is grouped within the labor, healthcare, and public assistance policy area.

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Labor, healthcare, and public assistance policy

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Right-to-work laws

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Upcoming ballot measures

See also: 2026 ballot measures and 2027 ballot measures

The following is a list of state ballot measures related to this topic that are certified or potential for this year and future elections:

There are no ballot measures related to this topic that have qualified for the ballot.

List of state ballot measures

Click the tabs to view state ballot measures related to this topic, organized by year or state.

Years

States

2022

1. Tennessee Constitutional Amendment 1, Right-to-Work Amendment (2022)

2018

1. Missouri Proposition A, Right to Work Referendum (August 2018)

2016

1. Alabama Right to Work, Amendment 8 (2016)
2. South Dakota Initiated Measure 23, Right for Unions and Organizations to Charge Fees for Services Measure (2016)
3. Virginia Right to Work Amendment, Question 1 (2016)

2008

1. Colorado Amendment 47, Prohibition of a Union Requirement for Employment Initiative (2008)

2001

1. Oklahoma State Question 695, Right to Work Amendment (September 2001)

1986

1. Idaho Retention of Right-to-Work Law, Referendum 1 (1986)
2. Idaho Right-to-Work, Referendum 1 (1986)

1978

1. Missouri Amendment 23, Right to Work Initiative (1978)

1964

1. Oklahoma State Question 409, Right to Work Initiative (May 1964)

1958

1. California Proposition 18, Right to Work Initiative (1958)
2. Colorado Amendment 5, Right-to-Work Law Initiative (1958)
3. Idaho Right to Employment Act, Initiative 1 (1958)
4. Ohio Right-to-Work Law Initiative (1958)
5. Washington Initiative 202, Right-to-Work Law Measure (1958)

1956

1. Nevada Question 1, Repeal of Right-to-Work Law Initiative (1956)
2. Washington Initiative 198, Right-to-Work Law Measure (1956)

1954

1. Nevada Question 1, "Right-to-Work" Repeal Initiative (1954)

1952

1. Nevada Question 1, Right-to-Work Initiative (1952)

1948

1. Arizona Measure Nos. 300-301, Right-to-Work Initiative (1948)
2. Massachusetts Question 5, Right-to-Work Law Initiative (1948)
3. North Dakota Right to Work, Referendum 2 (1948)

1946

1. Arizona Measure Nos. 106-107, Right to Work Initiative (1946)
2. Nebraska Amendment 1, Right to Work Initiative (1946)
3. South Dakota Amendment B, Right to Work Measure (1946)

1944

1. Arkansas Amendment 35, Right-to-Work Law Initiative (1944)
2. Florida Amendment 5, Right-to-Work Law Amendment (1944)

Alabama

1. Alabama Right to Work, Amendment 8 (2016)

Arizona

1. Arizona Measure Nos. 106-107, Right to Work Initiative (1946)
2. Arizona Measure Nos. 300-301, Right-to-Work Initiative (1948)

Arkansas

1. Arkansas Amendment 35, Right-to-Work Law Initiative (1944)

California

1. California Proposition 18, Right to Work Initiative (1958)

Colorado

1. Colorado Amendment 47, Prohibition of a Union Requirement for Employment Initiative (2008)
2. Colorado Amendment 5, Right-to-Work Law Initiative (1958)

Florida

1. Florida Amendment 5, Right-to-Work Law Amendment (1944)

Idaho

1. Idaho Retention of Right-to-Work Law, Referendum 1 (1986)
2. Idaho Right-to-Work, Referendum 1 (1986)
3. Idaho Right to Employment Act, Initiative 1 (1958)

Massachusetts

1. Massachusetts Question 5, Right-to-Work Law Initiative (1948)

Missouri

1. Missouri Amendment 23, Right to Work Initiative (1978)
2. Missouri Proposition A, Right to Work Referendum (August 2018)

Nebraska

1. Nebraska Amendment 1, Right to Work Initiative (1946)

Nevada

1. Nevada Question 1, "Right-to-Work" Repeal Initiative (1954)
2. Nevada Question 1, Repeal of Right-to-Work Law Initiative (1956)
3. Nevada Question 1, Right-to-Work Initiative (1952)

North Dakota

1. North Dakota Right to Work, Referendum 2 (1948)

Ohio

1. Ohio Right-to-Work Law Initiative (1958)

Oklahoma

1. Oklahoma State Question 409, Right to Work Initiative (May 1964)
2. Oklahoma State Question 695, Right to Work Amendment (September 2001)

South Dakota

1. South Dakota Amendment B, Right to Work Measure (1946)
2. South Dakota Initiated Measure 23, Right for Unions and Organizations to Charge Fees for Services Measure (2016)

Tennessee

1. Tennessee Constitutional Amendment 1, Right-to-Work Amendment (2022)

Virginia

1. Virginia Right to Work Amendment, Question 1 (2016)

Washington

1. Washington Initiative 198, Right-to-Work Law Measure (1956)
2. Washington Initiative 202, Right-to-Work Law Measure (1958)

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